Male infertility
Women infertility is not always the reason for the sterile marriage. Circa in 30-40% childlessness is caused by women infertility, in other 30-40% of cases biological cause of infertility lies in a man. In 15-20% both partners are infertile, in other 5-10% it is impossible to define the infertility cause.
The most widespread cause of male infertility is a low quality of semen. There are also many other reasons. Opposite to female infertility, problems with male’s fertility decrease with age. As a rule, bad quality of semen is a consequence of the following reasons. Male’s infertility can also be genetic.
Among low quality semen there are: azoospermia, asthenozoospermia, oligospermia, and teratozoospermia.
Azoospermia – absence of semen in the semen fluid. Azoospermia can be connected with the blockade of seminiferous ways. Both can be caused by birth defects.
Asthenozoospermia – the decrease of active sperm. Only active sperm can fertilize an egg cell, when there is minority of such sperm – chance for pregnancy decreases.
The decrease of sperm in ejaculate is called oligospermia. Normal quantity of semen/ml – is more than 20 mln.
Decrease of this index below norm is called teratozoospermia.
Here are the reasons for insufficient quantity of semen:
- Mumps disease in childhood;
- Cryptorchism;
- Diabetes;
- Operated tumors;
- Genetic causes;
- Stress;
- Infections;
- Factors determined by environment;
- Drugs and alcohol abuse.
There are also genetic factors of male infertility:
- Chromosome mutation;
- Micro division in Y chromosome;
- Congenital absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD)